Lesser-Known Blood Marker Lp(a) Linked to Heart Disease Risk
A lesser-known blood marker, Lipoprotein(a) or Lp(a), is gaining attention due to its potential link to heart disease. Normal Lp(a) levels are below 30 mg/dL, and higher levels may indicate an increased risk of atherosclerosis, heart attack, or stroke. Unlike common cholesterol tests, the Lp(a) test is not routinely used but may be ordered if other tests suggest a higher heart disease risk.
Lp(a) is a type of lipoprotein, along with LDL ('bad cholesterol'), which is associated with an increased risk of heart attack and stroke. The Lp(a) test involves a standard blood draw, with minimal risks such as discomfort, bruising, or infection. To prepare, fasting for 12 hours and refraining from smoking are required.
Lp(a) levels are influenced by genetics and remain relatively constant throughout life. Certain conditions can increase Lp(a) levels, including estrogen depletion, hypercholesterolemia, severe hypothyroidism, uncontrolled diabetes, renal failure, and nephrotic syndrome. Doctors typically test for total cholesterol levels, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides, but an Lp(a) test specifically measures Lp(a) levels in the bloodstream, providing further insight into heart disease risk.
While not commonly used in initial cholesterol evaluations, the Lp(a) test may be recommended if other tests indicate a higher heart disease risk. Understanding Lp(a) levels can provide a more comprehensive picture of one's heart health. As with any test, it's essential to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice and interpretation of results.
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